GENEVA -- The goal of helping referees with video review to make decisions at the 2018 World Cup has been facing key tests at FIFA headquarters.Two systems among the 11 in talks to win the World Cup contract were undergoing trials this week during training sessions with Europes candidates to referee in Russia.An idea met with a skeptical response when then-FIFA President Sepp Blatter presented it in 2014 has support from his successor, Gianni Infantino -- even if Blatters idea of NFL-style challenges by coaches looks unlikely to survive.It is not certain that video assistance referees, or VARs, will be approved in time for the World Cup.Still, history was made on Wednesday with a first significant intervention by video review at a Dutch Cup match. Willem II player Anouar Kali was sent off for fouling an Ajax opponent one minute after the referee initially showed a yellow card.Here is how FIFA is moving to give top-level referees the kind of help that is standard in American sports leagues:---THE REQUIREMENTSFIFA wants video review only for potential clear errors in four situations: goals being scored, penalties being awarded, players being sent off and cases of mistaken identity.It needs a technology system to help VARs and the referee communicate quickly without spoiling the games flow.Massimo Busacca, FIFAs director of refereeing, believes it should take not take more than five, six seconds to review an incident.If we need one (camera) angle more, of course it can take two seconds more, Busacca told The Associated Press.In most situations, play has naturally stopped and review time will not disrupt the flow.All involved agree that calling back play to impose a decision not initially taken is the biggest challenge for FIFA and its rule-making panel, known as IFAB, which must give final approval.---THE TECHNOLOGY SYSTEMThe DreamCatcher system developed by Evertz Microsystems of Burlington, Ontario is among FIFAs options. It has already been proven in NFL, NBA, MLB and NHL games.This week at FIFA, two DreamCatcher operators worked in a windowless portable cabin next to the hedges lining the soccer bodys compound.Two banks of screens -- each to be monitored by one of two VARs, helped by a technician -- take feeds from cameras around the artificial turf pitch that flanks FIFAs offices.The largest wide-screen TV above the desk shows a live game feed. Two smaller screens at desk level show several angles of the action at a slight delay, allowing the VARs to take a quick glance at an incident. The VAR can ask to zoom in anywhere on the split-screen images. Each World Cup match has at least 30 cameras, but too many angles can slow a decision.Though the NBA and MLB centralize review operations in one location, FIFA would likely want each VAR team in a truck or booth at each of the 12 stadiums in Russia.FIFA had set a two-year timetable and wants a decision by IFAB by March 2018.This has been the most thorough review of the leagues we have worked with, DreamCatcher project manager Nima Malekmanesh said.---THE REFEREES BOSSSix seconds. In that time, Busacca wants his officials to know if they must change a clear mistake.That will require expert analysis and communication skills from the VAR, who Busacca believes should also be a FIFA-list official.Absolutely. If he is not the same level, how can he change the decision of the referee? said Busacca, who suggests video review could be a rarity at World Cups with only the best referees taken from each continent.If you have a top referee, one situation every four or five games, he said.Busacca insists video review cannot compromise the personality and football understanding of his officials, and he is no fan of letting coaches challenge decisions.Never lose the authority of referees, never take it out, he said.---THE REFEREEBjorn Kuipers supports video review within clear limits.You need a VAR which you can trust, said the referee from the Netherlands. If you dont have a VAR on the same level, it will be difficult.He foresees the two video reviewers joining a referees two assistants and fourth official as part of a regular match team from the same country, speaking their native language.The communication has to be very clear, very short, said Kuipers, who worked the 2014 Champions League final before going to the World Cup in Brazil. We have 10 seconds or 12 seconds if we want but its not good for the game.Kuipers was granted 10 seconds earlier this month when Italy hosted France in Bari, and he made a key video-assisted decision to show France defender Djibril Sidibe only a yellow card for fouling Daniele De Rossi. The Italy midfielders teammates wanted a red card.Players like it when they got confirmation, Kuipers said, referring to that outcome.---THE FIFA MANAGERAs FIFAs lead official for technological innovation, Johannes Holzmueller oversaw the process of approving goal-line technology and picking the GoalRef system for the 2014 World Cup.Holzmueller visited the U.S. in February to hear from pro leagues about their experiences with video review.The 11 contenders in talks with FIFA also include American firm XOS Digital and Hawk-Eye, the British system used in Amsterdam on Wednesday.The technology works, and FIFA must find a clear protocol for feeding information to referees, Holzmueller said.Coaches challenges could lead to stoppages to tactical reasons, and requiring referees to check images on a tablet computer also appears to be slow.We have to look at, `Does it improve the game and not just refereeing? 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Iwakuma (4-1) took a one-hitter into the sixth inning before running into trouble, putting together another strong outing to help cement himself and Felix Hernandez as one of the top rotation duos in baseball. Iwakuma has allowed five earned runs over his last five starts, and the number could have been even smaller if not for a scoring change that ended up tagging him with two earned runs against the As. Overshadowed by Hernandez, the ace of the Mariners staff, Iwakuma has been nearly as solid this season. Hes pitched at least six innings in seven of eight starts despite being bothered by a lingering blister on his pitching hand, and has not allowed more than three earned runs in any start. "Those two have just been on another level," Seattle third baseman Kyle Seager said. "Everybody knows Felix, obviously, but (Iwakuma) hes been flying under the radar a little bit but hes been just as impressive. Its been pretty fun to play behind those two especially." Iwakuma gave up a solid leadoff single to right field to John Jaso and then was unhittable for the next five innings. He set down 15 straight with remarkable ease, through a combination of broken bats, weak groundballs and lazy flies. He struck out Yoenis Cespedes to close the first, struck out Derek Norris and Jaso in the third and retired Josh Donaldson and Daric Barton swinging to end the fifth. Iwakumas streak finally ended at 16 straight retired when Eric Sogard reached on an infield single -- originally ruled an error -- with one-out in the sixth inning. His groundball bounced off the arm of shortstop Brendan Ryan and Sogard reached without a throw. Jaso followed with a bloop single, annd the As finally got to Iwakuma on Jed Lowries two-out, two-run double into the right-field corner.dddddddddddd Lowrie had just one RBI in his previous 17 games before the double. The scoring change cost Iwakuma a chance to have his ERA dip below Hernandezs for the best in the American League. Instead, Iwakumas ERA rose from 1.61 to 1.74. He gave up four hits, struck out nine and walked none. Tom Wilhelmsen pitched the ninth for his 10th save. "Its a mental relief being able to pitch with that much of a big lead is big for myself, so being able to pitch with a better rhythm helped me be able to go through seven innings," Iwakuma said through an interpreter. Seattle scored twice in the first off Oakland starter Dan Straily (1-1). Seattle broke the game open with Ibanezs three-run homer in the third inning that came with two outs. Oakland lost its season-high fifth straight and dipped below .500 since starting the season 1-2. The As fell to 2-6 on their current 10-game road trip and only once has Oakland scored more than three runs. "Everybody has to pick everybody up and were not doing that right now," Oakland manager Bob Melvin said. Straily struggled to get through five innings, but didnt get help from his defence starting in the first inning that led to two runs. Kendrys Morales chopper to left side bounced past both third baseman Josh Donaldson and Lowrie at shortstop to put runners at the corners with one out instead of a possible inning-ending double play. Michael Morse followed with an RBI single and Justin Smoak lined an RBI double to give Iwakuma an early lead. Seattles runs in the third also came thanks to a fortunate bounce. Seager reached on an infield single that spun awkwardly off the end of his bat. Straily gave up a two-out walk to Smoak that proved costly when Ibanez turned on a 1-1 pitch for his third homer of the season and first since April 14. "Its always nice to contribute and the last few games Ive played I guess have been better," Ibanez said. NOTES: Seattle improved to 16-8 this season when its starting pitcher works at least six innings. They are 1-11 when the starter fails to get through six. ... Seager scored three of the four times he reached base. ... Oaklands Derek Norris hit a solo homer, his first of the season, in the eighth off Seattle reliever Oliver Perez. ' ' '